There
are a large number of different species of trees that can
be used for bonsai; nearly all share the characteristic of
being able to produce new buds on old wood allowing continual
pruning and re-generation to take place. Other preferred qualities
for bonsai in a tree species include small leaves or leaves
that reduce in size with training, short internodes (the distance
between each leaf-joint along a branch) and the ability to
withstand root disturbance.
The following guides
cover a large range of coniferous and broadleaved, evergreen
and deciduous trees that have the potential for use as bonsai
to one degree or another. Some species are commonly seen such
as the Elms, Junipers and Pines, others such as Grapevines,
Tamarix and Hederas may be a rare occurrence but can have
their own qualities and characteristics that make them of
interest to the enthusiast.
This list is by
no means comprehensive; there are many species missing from
this list that have great potential for bonsai.
With respect to
cultivation notes, this guide is written from European (UK)
perspective where Summer temperatures rarely reach above 30°C
and winter temps will rarely fall lower than -10°C. For
hotter or colder climates, extra care must be taken for the
protection of trees against the sun in summer, the frost in
winter and also large fluctuations in temperature between
day and night.
Heights listed
in the guide are based on mature trees growing in ideal conditions
in their natural habitat. Leaf-sizes are given based on field
or garden trees, with bonsai cultivation it is possible to
reduce the size of leaves of most species by a half or even
more.
